HIV and AIDS are not interchangeable terms. An individual with AIDS has HIV, however, an individual with HIV does not necessarily have AIDS.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
HIV is an incurable virus that weakens one’s immune system, causing individuals to experience a variety of infections at varying levels of severity. This weakening of the immune system also makes it difficult for one’s body to fight existing infections. However, antiretroviral (ART) medications can be taken in order to prevent the growth of the virus. They do not cure or kill the virus, but they do slow down the progression of HIV and its symptoms.
Symptoms may not be so apparent (if at all), which leads many to be unaware of its presence or impact. Mild symptoms may include swollen glands, headaches, or fever. Because an individual may not experience symptoms, testing is extremely important! The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend getting tested once yearly, or even more often (every 3 to 6 months) depending on your risk factors.
HIV is typically spread through either sexual intercourse or intravenous drug use (specifically, when needles are shared). Individuals cannot acquire HIV by simple touching, kissing, or the sharing of food and drinks.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
AIDS is the final stage of an HIV infection where one’s immune system is severely damaged. This damage means the individual may have also developed an Opportunistic Infection, such as Cancer or an additional sexually transmitted infection.
Treatment for AIDS
Once again, there is no cure for AIDS, only treatment. At this advanced level, treatment seeks to strengthen the immune system and combat any present infections. Current treatments are extremely advanced, allowing people living with HIV/AIDS to live long and happy lives. The downside to treatment? It is expensive and can have some nasty side effects.
Living with HIV/AIDS
- Strengthen your immunity. Working out, eating a balanced diet, taking your meds and limiting stress can help strengthen your immune system.
- Protect yourself and your partner. Use a condom during intercourse. This prevents the spread of HIV/AIDS and protects people living with HIV/AIDS from acquiring an additional infection. Alternatively, your partner can follow a PrEP or PEP regimen, where they take antiretroviral drugs pre- or post- exposure to the virus in order to prevent becoming infected. Either way, protection requires communication. Do not blindside your partner. Let them know upfront about the status and severity of your infection (knowingly having unprotected sex while you are HIV+ and not telling your partner can actually result in criminal charges).
- Get support. If you have HIV/AIDS, you are not alone. Seek help from professional or community services in regards to support groups, current treatments, and mental health practices.